ISSUE 3

Abstract:
Lisinopril is a widely used angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used to treat heart failure, hypertension, and the aftermath of a myocardial infraction, and diabetic nephropathy. It exerts its therapeutic effect aldosterone reduces vasoconstriction by preventing angiotensin I from being converted to angiotensin II secretion, and cardiac workload, while also enhancing bradykinin-mediated vasodilation. Although lisinopril is generally well tolerated, it is associated with adverse drug reactions such as dry cough, hypotension, hyperkalaemia, renal impairment, dizziness, and the potentially life-threatening reaction angioedema. This review examines the pharmacological profile, therapeutic applications, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, drug interactions, contraindications, toxicological concerns, and pharmacovigilance data related to lisinopril. The findings emphasize the importance of monitoring renal function, serum potassium, and blood pressure while receiving treatment, particularly in older people and those with renal impairment or concomitant interacting medications. Overall, lisinopril remains an effective cardiovascular and renoprotective agent, but safe use depends on careful patient selection, adverse event recognition, and ongoing pharmacovigilance.

Keywords: 

Hyperkalaemia, Angioedema, Adverse Drug Reaction.